Izindaba

Ukufakwa kwezintambo zefayibha yokubona ezinhlelweni zamandla kusebenzisa izakhiwo eziqondisa ukukhanya zefayibha yokubona ukuguqula inani elilinganisiwe libe ushintsho oluhambisanayo ezicini zokukhanya (njengokuqina, isigaba, isimo se-polarization, imvamisa, noma ubude be-wavelength). Le nqubo ihilela ukudlulisa ukukhanya okuvela emthonjeni ngefayibha yokubona kuye ku-modulator. Ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuguquguquka, ipharamitha elinganiswayo ixhumana nokukhanya okungenayo, okubangela ushintsho ezicini zokukhanya zokukhanya (isb., amandla, ubude be-wavelength, imvamisa, isigaba, isimo se-polarization, njll.). Lokhu kukhanya okuguquliwe—okubizwa ngokuthi “ukukhanya kwesignali okuguquliwe”—kube sekudluliselwa ngenye ifayibha iye ku-photodetector, lapho idlula khona ekususweni ukuze iveze inani lepharamitha elilinganisiwe.

Umhlahlandlela Oyisisekelo Wokukhetha Amakhebula E-Fiber Optic

Nakuba izintambo ze-fiber optic zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwezobunjiniyela bokuxhumana, abantu abaningi abanalo ulwazi olujulile ngokukhetha kwabo. Sivame ukuthola imibuzo evela kumakhasimende ku-inthanethi noma ngocingo mayelana nendlela yokukhetha ikhebula le-fiber optic elifanele. Namuhla, sizochaza indlela yokukhetha imikhiqizo yekhebula le-fiber optic ngokwemibono yesakhiwo, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza.

Ikhebula le-ADSS optical linesakhiwo esihlukile kunezikhondisi eziphezulu. Amandla alo okudonsa athwalwa yintambo ye-aramid fiber. I-modulus elastic yentambo ye-aramid fiber ingaphezu kwengxenye yensimbi, kanti i-coefficient yayo yokwandisa ukushisa iyingxenyana yensimbi. Lokhu kwenza ukugoba kwekhebula le-ADSS optical kuzwele kakhulu ezinguqukweni zomthwalo wangaphandle. Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-icing, ukunwebeka kwekhebula le-ADSS optical kungafinyelela ku-0.6%, kuyilapho okwabakhondisi kungu-0.1% kuphela. Ukugoba akuzweli kakhulu ezinguqukweni zokushisa, kuhlala kungashintshi ngokuyisisekelo ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomoya onamandla, i-engeli yayo yokugoba komoya inkulu kakhulu, ifinyelela ku-80° ngesivinini somoya esingu-30 m/s, kuyilapho i-engeli yokugoba komoya yabakhondisi icishe ibe yingxenyana yekhebula le-optical.

Muva nje kufinyelelwe ingqophamlando emkhakheni wokuxhumana we-fiber optic womhlaba wonke. Isizukulwane esisha se-"hollow-core fiber," esakhiwe ngokubambisana yizikhungo zocwaningo ezidumile emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezihamba phambili, sifinyelele intuthuko ebalulekile endaweni yelabhorethri. Ukusebenza kwayo kokudlulisa idatha kudlula kakhulu lokho kwe-solid-state silica fiber esetshenziswa kabanzi njengamanje, okubeka isisekelo samanethiwekhi okuxhumana omhlaba wonke esizukulwane esilandelayo asheshayo kakhulu, aphansi.

Emkhakheni wokuxhumana kwamandla wanamuhla, izintambo zikagesi zidlala indima ebalulekile. Zisebenza njengenethiwekhi yemizwa yesistimu yamandla, zixhumanisa kakhulu ukudluliswa kolwazi nokudluliswa kwamandla, zinikeza isiqinisekiso esiqinile sokusebenza okuzinzile kanye nokuphathwa kahle kwenethiwekhi yamandla yonke.

Izintambo zikagesi ziwumkhiqizo ohlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwe-fiber optic nezidingo ezithile zezinhlelo zikagesi. Ngokwesakhiwo, zakhiwe kakhulu imicu ye-optical, umongo wekhebula, izinto zokuqinisa, kanye ne-sheath. I-optical fiber, njengesithwali esiyinhloko sokudlulisa ulwazi, inesilinganiso esiphakeme sokudlulisa idatha kanye namakhono aqinile okulwa nokuphazamiseka. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo zendabuko, imicu ye-optical ingathwala ulwazi olwengeziwe futhi ayithinteki ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka kokuxhumana. Ezinhlelweni zikagesi, izindawo ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-electromagnetic zivamile, futhi imicu ye-optical emishinini, ngokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ingadlulisela idatha ngokuzinzile kulezi zindawo ezinzima.

Ikhebula le-fiber optic langaphakathi libhekisela kumidiya wokudlulisa i-fiber optic osetshenziswa ezindaweni zangaphakathi ukudlulisa izwi, idatha, ividiyo, kanye nezimpawu zenethiwekhi ngesivinini esikhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle, ligcizelela kakhulu ukuguquguquka, ukuphepha, kanye nokumelana nomlilo.

(1) Ukufakwa kwekhebula le-ADSS optical kuvame ukwenziwa emibhoshongweni yezintambo zikagesi ezisebenza ngamandla. Izintambo ezingapheli ezifakwe ugesi, amabhande okuphepha afakwe ugesi, namathuluzi afakwe ugesi kumele kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Isivinini somoya akufanele sidlule izinga 5. Ibanga eliphephile kumele ligcinwe kusuka emigqeni kagesi yamazinga ahlukene kagesi: likhulu kune-1.0m ku-35KV, likhulu kune-1.5m ku-110KV, futhi likhulu kune-3.0m ku-220KV.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-fiber optic kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, okwenza zibe "umgwaqo omkhulu" wolwazi olubalulekile emphakathini wedijithali.

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komnotho wedijithali, amandla okudlulisa ulwazi aba uphawu olubalulekile lwezinga lesimanje lomphakathi kanye nemboni. Kulesi simo, izintambo ze-fiber optic, nezinzuzo zazo ezibalulekile njengesivinini esikhulu, amandla amakhulu, kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphansi, zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene kufaka phakathi ukuxhumana, i-inthanethi, imboni, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, kanye namadolobha ahlakaniphile, kancane kancane ziba ingqalasizinda ebalulekile esekela ukusebenza komphakathi wanamuhla.