Indlela Yokusebenzisa Kangcono Ama-Optical Fibers
Izinhlelo ze-Optical Fiber
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kangcono imicu ye-optical futhi wandise izici zayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda izakhiwo zayo, izimbangela zokulahleka kokudluliselwa, kanye nezixazululo zayo.
Izici zokulahlekelwa ukudluliswa kwezintambo ze-optical zingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinquma ibanga lokudluliswa, ukuzinza, kanye nokuthembeka Inethiwekhi Yokubonas. Izimbangela zokulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa kwe-optical fiber zinezici eziningi. Ekwakhiweni nasekugcinweni kwamanethiwekhi okuxhumana kwe-optical fiber, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zicatshangelwe yizimbangela zokulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-fiber kanye nendlela yokunciphisa lokhu kulahlekelwa. Ukulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-optical fiber kuwela kakhulu ezigabeni ezimbili: ukulahlekelwa kokuxhuma (ukulahlekelwa kwe-fiber okungokwemvelo, ukulahlekelwa kwe-fusion splice, kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamalunga) kanye nokulahlekelwa okungaxhumani (ukulahlekelwa kokugoba kanye nokulahlekelwa okubangelwa ezinye izici zokwakha kanye nendawo yokusetshenziswa).
1. Ukulahlekelwa Kokunamathisela kanye Nezixazululo Zakho
1.1 Ukulahlekelwa Kokunamathisela
Ukulahleka kwe-fiber splicing kuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezintathu: ukulahleka okungokwemvelo okubangelwa yizinto ezingaphakathi kwe-fiber kanye nokulahleka kwe-fusion splice kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamalunga okubangelwa yizinto ezingaphakathi.
(1) Ukulahleka Kwefayibha Okungokwemvelo Lokhu kubangelwa kakhulu yizici ezine: ukungaguquguquki Imodi ye-Fiber ububanzi bensimu; ukungafani kobubanzi be-fiber core; isigaba se-cross-core ye-fiber engajikelezi; kanye nokuhlangana okungekuhle phakathi komgogodla we-fiber kanye ne-cladding. Phakathi kwalokhu, ububanzi bensimu yemodi engaguquki bunomthelela omkhulu. (2) Ukulahlekelwa yi-Fusion: Ukulahlekelwa kwe-fusion yangaphakathi kubangelwa kakhulu ukungalingani kwe-axial; ukuthambekela kwe-axis (i-angle yokugoba); ukuhlukaniswa kobuso bokuphela (igebe); ubuso bokuphela kwe-fiber obungaphelele; umehluko wenkomba yokubuyisa; ubuso bokuphela kwe-fiber obungahlanzekile; kanye nezinye izici ezifana nezinga lekhono lomqhubi, izinqubo zokusebenza, ukuhlanzeka kwama-electrode e-fusion splicer, izilungiselelo zepharamitha ye-fusion, kanye nokuhlanzeka kwendawo yokusebenza.
(3) Ukulahlekelwa Yisixhumi: Ukulahlekelwa yisixhumi sangaphakathi kubangelwa kakhulu yikhwalithi ephansi yesixhumi, ukuxhumana okungekuhle, ukungcola, kanye nezinye izici ezifana nokulahlekelwa yi-fusion (njengokungalingani kwe-axial, igebe lobuso bokuphela, i-angle yokugoba, umehluko wenkomba yokubuyisa, njll.).
1.2 Izixazululo Zokulahlekelwa Yi-Splice
(1) Imicu yokukhanya esezingeni eliphezulu enezici ezifanayo kufanele ikhethwe ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela, ekwakheni nasekugcinweni kwayo. Imicu yokukhanya engenalutho esezingeni eliphezulu evela eqenjini elifanayo kufanele isetshenziswe emgqeni owodwa ngangokunokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izici zemicu zihambisana eduze ngangokunokwenzeka, kuncishiswe umthelela wobubanzi bensimu yemodi ekulahlekelweni kwe-fiber fusion. (2) Ikhebula le-Fiber Optic ukufakwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngokwemigomo nezimfuneko.
Uma ulungiselela ama-reel ekhebula, zama ukusebenzisa ama-reel aphelele (i-reel ngayinye ≥ amamitha angu-500) ukuze unciphise inani lamalungu. Ngesikhathi sokubekwa, landela ngokuqinile inombolo ye-reel kanye nochungechunge lokuphela ukuze unciphise ukulahleka.
(3) Khetha abasebenzi abanolwazi nabaqeqeshwe kahle bokuhlanganisa nokuhlola.
Izinga lekhono labasebenzi bokuhlanganisa lithinta ngqo ukulahleka kokuhlanganisa. Abasebenzi bokuhlanganisa kufanele balandele ngokuqinile inqubo yokuhlanganisa i-fiber optic fusion, balawule ngokuqinile ukulahleka kwamalunga, futhi baqaphe njalo inqubo yokuhlanganisa besebenzisa i-optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) (ukulahlekelwa kokuhlanganisa ≤ 0.08 dB/joint). Noma yiziphi izihlanganisi ezingahlangabezani nezidingo kufanele ziphinde zijikelezwe. Uma usebenzisa i-OTDR, ukulahleka kwamalunga kufanele kukalwe kusuka ezinhlangothini ezimbili, futhi isilinganiso sale miphumela emibili kufanele sibalwe ukuze kususwe amaphutha omuntu ekulinganisweni kwe-OTDR okungaqondile. (4) Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokuhlanganisa ihlangabezana nezidingo.
Ukusebenza ngaphandle akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ezindaweni ezinothuli nomswakama. Izindawo zokuxhuma, amathuluzi, nezinto zokwakha kumele zigcinwe zihlanzekile. Izixhumi ze-fibre optic akumelwe zivunyelwe ukuthi zibe manzi. Ikhebula le-Fiber Optic okuzonqunywa kumele kuhlanzeke futhi kungabi nazinto ezingcolisayo. Ngemva kokunqunywa, Ikhebula le-Fiber Optic akumele ivezwe emoyeni isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinothuli nomswakama. Uma izinga lokushisa elizungezile liphansi kakhulu, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokushisa ezidingekayo.
(5) Lungisa ubuso obuphelele be-fiber optic
Ukulungiselela ubuso bokuphela kwe-fiber optic kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni i-fiber optic. Ukuphelela kobuso bokuphela kwe-fiber optic kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinquma ukulahleka kokuhlanganisa i-fiber optic. Ubuso bokuphela obusezingeni eliphezulu kufanele bube bucaba, bungenazo izimbobo neziphambeko, futhi buqonde ngqo ku-axis. I-angle yokuthambekela kwe-axial kobuso bokuphela kwe-fiber optic kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-0.3, iveze ubuso obubushelelezi nobucaba obuyisibuko, futhi igcinwe ihlanzekile ukuze kugwenywe ukungcoliswa uthuli. I-cleaver esezingeni eliphezulu kufanele ikhethwe futhi isetshenziswe kahle ukusika i-fiber. Ukuhlanza, ukusika, kanye nokuhlanganisa kwe-fiber optic I-Fiber Engenalutho kufanele ixhunywe eduze futhi ingaqhelelani kakhulu. Phatha imicu ye-optical ngobumnene ukuze uvimbele umonakalo ebusweni bemicu ye-fiber ukuthi ingagudluki kwezinye izinto.
(6) Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele kwe-Fusion Splicer
Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwe-fusion splicer kuyisiqinisekiso esibalulekile kanye nesixhumanisi esibalulekile ekunciphiseni ukulahleka kwe-optical fiber splice.
① Landela ngokuqinile imiyalelo yokusebenza kanye nezinqubo ze-fusion splicer ukuze uyisebenzise kahle.
② Beka i-optical fiber kahle. Uma ufaka i-fiber ku-V-groove ye-fusion splicer, yiphathe kahle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwi-single-mode fiber enobubanzi obuyi-core obuyi-10 nm, uma kudingeka ukulahlekelwa kwe-splice okungaphansi kuka-0.1 dB, i-radial offset ye-fiber axis kumele ibe ngaphansi kuka-0.8 nm.
③ Setha amapharamitha okuhlanganisa (ugesi wangaphambi kokukhipha, isikhathi, ugesi oyinhloko wokukhipha, isikhathi sokukhipha, njll.) ngendlela efanele nangokufanele ngokohlobo lwefayibha.
④ Susa uthuli ku-fusion splicer ngokushesha ngesikhathi nangemva kokusebenzisa (ikakhulukazi izingcezu zothuli nefayibha ezibambisweni, ezibukweni, kanye nase-V-groove). ⑤ Isikhathi sokuphila se-electrode ye-fusion splicer ngokuvamile singaba imijikelezo engu-2000. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, i-electrode izokhipha i-oxidize, okuholela ekukhishweni kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwe-fusion. Kulesi simo, i-electrode ingasuswa, isulwe ngobumnene ngekotini elimunca i-medical absorbent elicwiliswe ku-alcohol, bese lifakwa kabusha ku-fusion splicer ukuze kuhlanzwe ukukhishwa. Uma ukukhishwa kwamandla kuhlala kuphezulu ngemva kokuhlanza kaningi, i-electrode kumele ishintshwe.
(7) Sebenzisa izixhumi ezihambayo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezifanelekayo noma nini lapho kungenzeka, uqinisekise ukuthi ukusebenza kwesixhumi kuhlangabezana nemithetho efanele. Ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa kwesixhumi esihambayo kufanele kulawulwe ngaphansi kuka-0.3 dB/isixhumi (noma ngisho nangaphansi), futhi ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe akufanele kudlule u-0.2 dB/isixhumi.
(8) Izixhumi ezihambayo kufanele zixhunywe kahle futhi zihlanganiswe kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuza kokukhanya.
(9) Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi esinyakazayo sihlanzekile.
Ngesikhathi sokwakha nokulungisa, naka ukuhlanza ipulaki ne-adaptha (i-flange) futhi uqinisekise ukuhlanzeka kwegumbi lomshini nendawo yemishini. Vimbela ukungcola nothuli ekungeneni epulaki ne-adaptha (i-flange) ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kokuhlakazeka.