Iyini ikhebula le-ADSS optical futhi uyini umsebenzi walo?

Ikhebula le-ADSS optical linesakhiwo esihlukile kunezikhondisi eziphezulu. Amandla alo okudonsa athwalwa yintambo ye-aramid fiber. I-modulus elastic yentambo ye-aramid fiber ingaphezu kwengxenye yensimbi, kanti i-coefficient yayo yokwandisa ukushisa iyingxenyana yensimbi. Lokhu kwenza ukugoba kwekhebula le-ADSS optical kuzwele kakhulu ezinguqukweni zomthwalo wangaphandle. Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-icing, ukunwebeka kwekhebula le-ADSS optical kungafinyelela ku-0.6%, kuyilapho okwabakhondisi kungu-0.1% kuphela. Ukugoba akuzweli kakhulu ezinguqukweni zokushisa, kuhlala kungashintshi ngokuyisisekelo ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomoya onamandla, i-engeli yayo yokugoba komoya inkulu kakhulu, ifinyelela ku-80° ngesivinini somoya esingu-30 m/s, kuyilapho i-engeli yokugoba komoya yabakhondisi icishe ibe yingxenyana yekhebula le-optical.

Inamandla amakhulu okumelana nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu (imimoya enamandla, iqhwa, njll.).

Isivikelo sangaphandle sekhebula le-ADSS optical senziwe ngezinto ze-AT noma ze-PE. Uma isebenza ensimini kagesi enamandla, isengozini yokugqwala kwe-electrolytic. Sicela uvakashele: Inethiwekhi Yemishini Yokudlulisa Amandla Nokusabalalisa Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ikhebula le-ADSS optical lingakwazi ukudlidliza komoya. Imimoya ebushelelezi nezinzile eseceleni evunguza ibheke kukhebula le-optical ingabangela ukudlidliza komoya, okuholela ekulimaleni kokukhathala ezindaweni zokubopha.

Izintambo ze-ADSS ezibonakalayo zinamandla athile okucindezela futhi zingamelana namandla abalulekile okubamba ama-clamp okucindezela.

Izakhiwo Ezimele Amakhebula E-ADSS Optical
I. Izakhiwo Ezimele

Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezintambo ze-ADSS optical zivamile kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

1. Isakhiwo Sepayipi Eliphakathi:

I-fiber ekhanyayo, enobude obuthile obedlulele, ifakwa kushubhu le-PBT (noma olunye uhlobo olufanele) eligcwele amafutha okuvimba amanzi. Intambo ephothiwe efanele igoqwa kuyo ngokwezinga lokudonsa elidingekayo, bese kukhishwa isheya le-PE (≤12KV amandla ensimu kagesi) noma i-AT (≤20KV amandla ensimu kagesi).

Isakhiwo sepayipi eliphakathi kulula ukusifinyelela ngobubanzi obuncane, okuholela ekunciphiseni i-ayisikhi kanye nomthwalo womoya; futhi silula kakhulu, kodwa ubude befayibha eningi bunqunyelwe.

2. Isakhiwo Esiqinile:

Amashubhu avulekile e-fibre optic afakwa endaweni ethile ephinjeni eliqondene nelungu eliqinisayo eliphakathi (ngokuvamile i-FRP), kulandelwe ukukhishwa kwe-sheath yangaphakathi (lesi sinyathelo singashiywa ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuphansi kanye ne-span emfushane). Ngemuva kwalokho, intambo ephothiwe efanelekile igoqwa izungeze ithubhu yangaphakathi ngokuya ngamandla adingekayo okuthambekela, futhi ekugcineni, kukhishwa i-sheath ye-PE noma ye-AT. I-core yekhebula ingagcwaliswa ngamafutha, kodwa lapho i-ADSS isebenza nge-span enkulu ngokuwa okukhulu, i-core yekhebula ithambekele "ekusheleleni" ngenxa yokumelana okuphansi kwe-grease, futhi i-pitch ye-tube ekhululekile ingashintsha kalula. Lokhu kunganqotshwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezifanele zokulungisa amashubhu avulekile kwilungu eliqinisayo eliphakathi kanye ne-core eyomile, kodwa lokhu kuletha izinselele ezithile zobuchwepheshe.

Isakhiwo esigoqekile sifinyelela kalula ubude obuphephile befayibha, yize ububanzi nesisindo kukhulu kakhulu, okwenza kube wusizo ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhala esiphakathi kuya kwesikhulu.

Amapharamitha Obuchwepheshe Ayinhloko ekhebula le-ADSS Optical
Ikhebula le-ADSS optical lisebenza esimweni esinobude obude, esisekelwa amaphuzu amabili (ngokuvamile amakhulu amamitha, ngisho nangaphezulu kwekhilomitha eli-1) ngaphezulu, okuhluke ngokuphelele emcabangweni wendabuko "we-aerial" (uhlelo lwe-hook yomugqa wokumiswa ongaphezulu ezindinganisweni zeposi nezokuxhumana lunesilinganiso sephuzu elilodwa lokusekela ikhebula le-optical njalo ngamamitha angu-0.4). Ngakho-ke, amapharamitha ayinhloko ekhebula le-ADSS optical ahambisana nemithethonqubo yezintambo zikagesi eziphezu.

1. Ukuqina Okuvunyelwe Okuphezulu (MAT/MOTS)

Lokhu kubhekisela ekucindezelekeni okubonwa yikhebula le-optical ngaphansi komthwalo ophelele obalwa ngokwethiyori ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu eziklanywe ngendlela yedizayini. Ngaphansi kwalokhu kucindezeleka, uhlobo lwefayibha kufanele lube ngu-≤0.05% (oluliwe) kanye no-≤0.1% (ithubhu eliphakathi) ngaphandle kokuncipha okwengeziwe. Ngamagama alula, ubude befayibha obengeziwe "budliwa" nje kuleli nani lokulawula. Ngokusekelwe kule pharamitha, izimo zezulu, kanye nokugoba okulawulwayo, ubude obuvunyelwe bekhebula le-optical ngaphansi kwalezi zimo bungabalwa. Ngakho-ke, i-MAT iyisisekelo esibalulekile sokubala i-sag-tension-span kanye nobufakazi obubalulekile obuchaza izici zokucindezeleka kwekhebula le-optical le-ADSS.

2. Amandla Okuqina Alinganisiwe (UTS/RTS)

Eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla okudonsa aphezulu noma amandla okuphuka, lokhu kubhekisela enanini elibalwe lesamba samandla esigaba esithwala umthwalo (ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa Ikhebula le-Fiber Optic). Amandla okuphuka kwangempela kufanele abe ≥95% wenani elibaliwe (ukuphuka kwanoma iyiphi ingxenye kukhebula le-optical kubhekwa njengokuphuka kwekhebula). Le pharamitha ayiyona into ongayikhetha; amanani amaningi okulawula ahlobene nayo (isb., amandla ombhoshongo, ukufakwa kokucindezeleka, izindlela zokunciphisa ukudlidliza, njll.). Kwabachwepheshe bekhebula le-optical, uma isilinganiso se-RTS/MAT (esilingana nesici sokuphepha K semigqa ephezulu) singafanele, noma ngabe okuningi Ikhebula le-Fiber Optic uma isetshenziswa, ububanzi bezinhlobo ze-fiber ezitholakalayo buncane kakhulu, okuholela esilinganisweni esibi sokusebenza kwezomnotho/kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, umbhali uphakamisa ukuthi ochwepheshe bemboni banake le pharamitha. Ngokuvamile, i-MAT cishe ilingana no-40% we-RTS.

3. Ukucindezeleka Okumaphakathi Kwaminyaka Yonke (i-EDS)

Ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi ukucindezeleka okumaphakathi kwansuku zonke, lokhu kubhekisela ekucindezelekeni kwekhebula le-optical ngaphansi kwemithwalo ebalwe ngokwethiyori ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezivamile ezingenamoya, ezingenaqhwa, kanye nezimo zokushisa ezimaphakathi zonyaka. Kungabhekwa njengokucindezeleka okumaphakathi (ukucindezeleka) kwe-ADSS ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. I-EDS ngokuvamile iyi-(16~25)% RTS. Ngaphansi kwalokhu kucindezeleka, i-optical fiber akufanele ibonise ukucindezeleka futhi ingabi nokuncipha okwengeziwe, okubonisa ukuzinza okuphezulu. I-EDS futhi iyipharamitha yokuguga kokukhathala kwekhebula le-optical, elinquma ukwakheka kwe-vibration damping yekhebula.

4. Ukucindezeleka Okuphezulu Kokusebenza (i-UES)

Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Special Operating Tension, lokhu kubhekisela ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu ikhebula le-optical elingamelana nakho ngesikhathi sokuphila kwalo okusebenzayo, okungenzeka kudlule umthwalo walo wokuklama. Kusho ukuthi ikhebula livunyelwe ukulayishwa ngokweqile kwesikhathi esifushane, kanti i-optical fiber ingamelana nokucindezeleka ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuvunyelwe. Ngokuvamile, i-UES kufanele ibe > 60% RTS. Ngaphansi kwalokhu kucindezeleka, uma ukucindezeleka kwefayibha kungu-

III. Izinto Zokufaka Nezintambo Zokukhanya

Izinto zokufaka zibhekisela kuhadiwe esetshenziswa ukufaka izintambo ze-optical.

1. Isibopho Sokucindezeleka

Nakuba ibizwa ngokuthi "i-clamp," uhlobo lwentambo olusontekile oluyi-spiral lukhethwa (ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kokucindezeleka okuphansi kanye ne-short span). Ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa nangokuthi "i-terminal" noma "i-stationary end fitting". Ukucushwa kusekelwe kububanzi bangaphandle kanye ne-RTS yekhebula le-optical, ngokuvamile kudinga amandla okubamba angu-≥95% RTS. Ukuhlolwa okufanisayo nekhebula le-optical kufanele kwenziwe uma kudingeka.

2. I-Suspension Clamp

Uhlobo lwentambo olusontekile oluyi-spiral nalo luyathandwa (ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kokucindezela okuphansi kanye ne-short span). Ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi "ukufakwa kwebanga eliphakathi" noma "ukuphela kokumiswa". Ngokuvamile, kudingeka amandla okubamba ≥(10-20)% RTS.

3. Isivimbeli Sokudlidliza

Izintambo ze-ADSS optical zivame ukusebenzisa ama-spiral dampers (SVD). Uma i-EDS ≤ 16% RTS, ukudambisa ukudlidliza akucatshangelwa. Uma i-EDS ingu-(16-25)% RTS, kudingeka izinyathelo zokudambisa ukudlidliza. Uma ikhebula le-optical lifakwe endaweni enezidlidliza ezivamile, indlela yokudambisa ukudlidliza kufanele inqunywe ngokuhlola uma kudingeka.

Ukusetshenziswa kwekhebula le-ADSS Optical kumanethiwekhi okuxhumana ngamandla

Isifinyezo: Ukwakhiwa nokwakhiwa kwezintambo ze-ADSS optical kuyiphrojekthi ephelele yobunjiniyela besistimu. Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngezici zesakhiwo, impilo yesevisi, izimiso zokukhetha indawo yokulenga, ukucushwa kwe-reel yekhebula, kanye nokuchazwa kwamatafula okucindezeleka kwe-sag ezintambo ze-ADSS optical, okunikeza ukuqonda okujulile kokusetshenziswa kwazo ezindaweni ezithile.

Isingeniso

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukwakhiwa kwamanethiwekhi okuxhumana kwesistimu yamandla kuye kwathembela kakhulu ezintanjeni ze-ADSS optical. Intambo ye-ADSS optical, efushanisiwe nentambo ye-All Dielectric Self-Supporting optical, isebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile lokusekela phansi. Ubuncane besikhala ngokuvamile abungaphansi kwamamitha angu-7. Lapho kunqunywa ukucushwa kwe-reel yekhebula, umehluko wesikhala kufanele wenziwe lula ukuze kuncishiswe izinhlobo zezintambo ze-optical, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe inani lezingxenye ezisele (njengezingxenye ezahlukene zokumiswa) futhi kube lula ukwakhiwa.

6. Izidingo Eziyisisekelo Zokwakhiwa Kwekhebula Lokukhanya le-ADSS

(1) Ukwakhiwa kwekhebula le-ADSS optical kuvame ukwenziwa emibhoshongweni yemigqa enikwe amandla. Izintambo ezingapheli ezifakwe ugesi, amabhande okuphepha afakwe ugesi, namathuluzi afakwe ugesi kumele kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokwakha. Amandla omoya akufanele adlule izinga 5. Ibanga eliphephile kumele ligcinwe kusuka emigqeni yamazinga ahlukene kagesi: likhulu kune-1.0 m ku-35KV, likhulu kune-1.5 m ku-110KV, futhi likhulu kune-3.0 m ku-220KV.

(2) Ngoba I-Fiber Core ibuthakathaka kakhulu, ukucindezeleka kanye nengcindezi eseceleni ngesikhathi sokwakha akufanele kube ngokweqile.

(3) Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ikhebula le-optical akumele ligudle noma lishayisane nomhlabathi, izakhiwo, imibhoshongo, imiphetho yereyili yekhebula, noma ezinye izinto.

(4) Irediyasi yokugoba yekhebula le-optical inqunyelwe. Ngokuvamile, irediyasi yokugoba ngesikhathi sokusebenza ingu-≥D, lapho u-D engububanzi bekhebula le-optical. Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, irediyasi yokugoba ingu-≥ 30 mm. D;

(5) Ukusonta ikhebula le-optical kuzolimaza; ukusonta okude akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.

(6) I I-Fiber Core Ikhebula le-optical livame ukuphuka uma limanzi noma lingena emanzini; iziphetho zekhebula le-optical kumele zivalwe nge-tape engangeni manzi ngesikhathi sokwakha.

(7) Ububanzi bangaphandle bekhebula le-optical buhambisana nobubanzi obumele; i-reel yekhebula akumele ilungiswe ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa. Ukufakwa kwayo kuyafana nobubanzi bangaphandle bekhebula le-optical futhi akumele kusetshenziswe kabi.

(8) Ngemva kokuba i-reel ngayinye yekhebula le-optical isiqediwe, ubude obanele bekhebula eligoqekayo buvame ukugcinelwa ukumiswa kanye nokuhlanganiswa ezigxotsheni kanye nokufaka ozimele bokusabalalisa i-fiber optic eziteshini ezincane.

7. Mayelana nama-Sag Tension Meters Ama-Sag tension meter ayidatha ebalulekile ekhombisa ukusebenza kwe-airdynamic kwamakhebula e-ADSS optical. Ukuqonda okuphelele nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwale datha kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yephrojekthi. Abakhiqizi bavame ukunikeza izinhlobo ezintathu zama-sag tension meter ngaphansi kwezimo eziqhubekayo: i-sag yokufaka engaguquki (i-sag yokufaka iyiphesenti elinqunyiwe le-span); i-stain yokufaka engaguquki; kanye ne-stain yomthwalo engaguquki. Lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zama-tension meter zinikeza izincazelo ezithile zokusebenza kwe-sag tension yamakhebula e-ADSS optical kusuka emibonweni ehlukene. Leli thebula libonisa kuphela izici ze-sag kanye ne-tension zamakhebula e-ADSS optical ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinikeziwe. Lihlukile kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zangempela zobunjiniyela futhi kumele lithathwe ngokungathi sína. Qaphela ukuthi i-span etafuleni le-sag kanye ne-tension iyi-span yangempela, ikakhulukazi i-span yangempela ye-span ehlukanisiwe, okungukuthi, i-span lapho kunesigaba esisodwa se-tension. Kubunjiniyela bangempela, i-span emele yaleso sigaba se-tension kufanele inqunywe kuqala, bese idatha ye-sag kanye ne-tension ehambisana ne-span enenani elifanayo noma elifanayo kufanele itholakale etafuleni le-sag kanye ne-tension. Khumbula ukuthi ukugoba kulokhu ngokuvamile kuwukugoba okuhlanganisiwe. Ukugoba okuvundlile nokuqondile kunqunywa kusetshenziswa i-engeli yokugoba komoya. Ngokusekelwe kumanani enkolelo-mbono yokugoba okumele, ukucindezeleka okumele, kanye ne-span emele, idatha yangempela iyabalwa. Ezimweni zokulawula, ukulawulwa komthwalo womoya kuhlobene nezakhiwo zemishini zekhebula le-ADSS optical. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kuma-span amade (ngaphezu kwama-600m) kanye nemimoya edlula ama-30 ms. Ikhebula le-ADSS optical lilula kune-conductor, futhi i-engeli yalo yokugoba komoya inkulu kuneyomqhubi, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukunwebeka. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ikhebula le-ADSS optical lishayisane ne-conductor emimoyeni enamandla. Nakuba izibalo zomklamo ziyinkimbinkimbi, esimweni sama-span amancane, njengalapho i-span emele ingaphansi kwama-100m, ukugoba komugqa ongaphezulu kuvame ukuthathwa njengo-0.5m; lapho i-span emele iphakathi kwama-100m nama-120m, ukugoba komugqa ongaphezulu kungu-0.7m. Iphuzu eliphansi kakhulu le-ADSS optical cable sag akufanele libe ngaphansi kunephuzu eliphansi kakhulu le-conductor sag. Ekwakhiweni kwangempela, ezindaweni eziqhubekayo ze-tension pole, i-mid-span noma i-span enkulu eduze ne-mid-span enomehluko omncane kakhulu ekuphakameni kwe-suspension point ivame ukukhethwa njenge-observation span. Uma inani le-span lingu-7 kuya ku-15, kufanele kukhethwe izindawo ezimbili zokubuka ekugcineni ngakunye. Izindlela ezivamile zokubuka zifaka indlela yobude obulinganayo kanye nendlela yobude obungalingani bokubuka i-sag, kanti indlela yokulinganisa i-tension ingasetshenziswa futhi ukubuka i-sag. Isiphetho: Ukuklama nokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi ekhebula le-ADSS optical kuyiphrojekthi yobunjiniyela besistimu eyinkimbinkimbi, ehilela izici eziningi ezifana nobuchwepheshe be-mechanics, izinhlelo zikagesi, izimo zezulu, kanye nekhwalithi yabasebenzi bokwakha. Kudinga kokubili isimo sengqondo sesayensi kanye nezindlela zokusebenza ezisebenzayo. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwamaphrojekthi enethiwekhi yolwazi lwamandla, kuzoqongelela ngokungenakugwenywa... Ngokuqongelela ulwazi oluningi lokwakha nokulungisa nsuku zonke, ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-ADSS optical kuye kwathuthukiswa.